【经济学人精读】河北东北缘何总遭遇地域黑？(2)

　　Egregiousexamples of regional stereotyping occasionally cause outcry. Last year a hiring manager at iQiyi, an online-video firm, instructed a subordinate (in a leaked email) to “filter out” applicants from Henan. In 2017 Meituan, an internet conglomeratebest known for its food-delivery app, admitted to excluding applicants from Henan and the north-east for an open position. Both companies later apologized. After each incident, many Henanese and some sympathizerselsewhere vowed to show their displeasure by deleting the mobile app of the firm in question.

　　区域刻板印象的极端例子有时会引起强烈抗议。去年，网络视频公司爱奇艺内部邮件曝光，邮件显示，一名招聘经理指示下属尽量把河南人先“过滤”掉。2017年，以外卖应用而闻名的互联网企业集团——美团承认在公开招聘时将来自河南和东北的求职者排除在外。爱奇艺和美团后来都道歉了。每次事件后，许多河南人和其他地方的一些同情者发誓要删除该公司的手机app，以示不满。

　　In China’s state-controlled media, diyu hei, or “regional blackening”, is occasionally condemned. In an article about the iQiyi episode a newspaper controlled by the prosecutor-general’s office quoted a lawyer as saying that such discrimination had probably occurred in tens of thousands of companies but had never come to public attention. Beijing News last year quoted Bai Yansong, a Chinese television anchor, as saying that regional discrimination was getting worse. If allowed to continue, he said, the problem could turn into “a huge cause of social instability and division”.

　　中国官方媒体有时也会谴责地域黑。在一篇关于爱奇艺事件的文章中，一家官方报纸援引一名律师的话说，这种歧视可能发生在数万家公司，但从未引起公众注意。《新京报》去年援引央视节目主持人白岩松的话说，地区歧视正在加剧。他表示，如果任其发展下去，这个问题可能会变成“社会不稳定和分裂的一个巨大因素”。

　　Some lawyers say a legal loopholeis partly to blame. China’s employment law prohibits discrimination on grounds of ethnicity, sex, religion, disability, social background and health. Regional origin, however, is not mentioned. Some legal scholars and legislators have called for a wider law that would prohibit all kinds of unfair discrimination, including the region- based sort. The government, however, does not appear enthusiastic. Some conservative officials may fear such a law would also have to specify gay rights (homosexuality was only removed from an official list of mental illnesses in 2001). They may also worry about a clashwith the country’s hukou system, which allows officials to discriminate openly against migrants from other parts of China in government employment and the provision of public services.

　　有些律师表示，部分原因在于法律漏洞。中国的《劳动法》禁止基于种族、性别、宗教、残疾、社会背景和健康等原因的歧视。但却没有提到地域。有些法律学者和立法者呼吁制定更广泛的法律，禁止包括地域歧视在内的各种不公平的歧视。而政府似乎并不热衷此事。保守派可能担心这样的法律也必须明确同性恋者的权利（2001年同性恋才从官方心理疾病名单中删除）。他们还可能担心与中国户口制度的冲突。户口制度允许在就业和公共服务方面公开筛选就职者生源。

　　It may be that the problem of job discrimination will be alleviated by a growing shortage of migrant workers. Employers will find it harder to act on their prejudices. “In order to discriminate by region, you must first be presented with an abundance of choice,” says Huang Leping, the head of a legal-aid centre in Beijing. But regionbased prejudices will long remain. In an open-air dating market in Beijing, where parents gather to try to arrange matches for their adult children, some participants admit they would not welcome a Henanese in the family.

　　或许，就业歧视的问题可能因外来打工者的短缺而逐渐解决。雇主们会发现，带有色眼镜会使招聘更加困难。“地域歧视的前提是有可选择的余地。”北京某法律援助中心的负责人黄乐平说。但地域歧视将会长期存在。北京的一个露天相亲市场上，家长聚在一起，试图为成年子女安排相亲。相亲市场的某些人承认，他们不希望和河南人组建家庭。

　　精 读 解 析

　　P1—P2: 学生食物中毒引起热议，网友开始攻击老师的家乡。

　　P3—P5: 区域歧视无处不在。

　　P6: 区域刻板印象的极端例子有时会引起强烈抗议。

　　P7：区域刻板印象的极端例子有时会引起强烈抗议。

　　P8：区域歧视存在的原因

　　P9：区域歧视将长期存在。

　　whisk /wsk/ v. 飞奔，疾过；挥动；搅拌n. 扫帚；搅拌器；毛掸子

　　【例句】

　　The waiter whisked my plate away.

　　服务员迅速收走我的盘子。

　　He whisked the cups away.

　　冷不防他把酒杯拿走了。

　　sodium nitrite亚硝酸钠

　　perpetrator /p:pi'treit/ n. 做坏事者;犯罪者；加害者;行凶者

　　【例句】

　　The government were urged to take strong measures against the perpetrators of violence.

　　政府被敦促对暴力犯罪者采取强硬措施。

　　Thank God the perpetrator did not achieve his ultimate goals.

　　感谢上帝，凶犯没有达到他的最终目标。

　　stoop to v. 堕落；屈尊

　　【例句】

　　I would never stoop to violent crime.

　　我决不会向暴力犯罪屈服。

　　I don't think he would stoop to such behavior!

　　我认为他不会堕落到如此恶劣的行为。

　　chime /tam/ v. 打钟报时；敲出和谐的声音n. 一套发谐音的钟；和谐；钟声

　　【短语】

　　chime in withv. 与…协调

　　wind chime风铃

　　【例句】

　　His thoughts were interrupted by the chimes of the town clock.

　　他的思绪被镇子里的钟声打断了。

　　All too soon, the chimes of midnight began to ring out.

　　一切都太快了，午夜的钟声敲响了。

　　contemptuous /kn'tem(p)tjs/adj.蔑视的;鄙视的;表示轻蔑的

　　【例句】

　　She's contemptuous of my humble background.

　　她瞧不起我出身卑贱。

　　The rich man is contemptuous of my humble home and poor surroundings.

　　那富人看不起我寒酸的家和穷苦的环境。

　　quarrelsome /'kwr()ls()m/adj.(人)好争吵的,动辄争吵的

　　【例句】

　　They came from a hundred quarrelsome kingdoms, and they knew times may change, but men do not.

　　他们来自纷争不断的大小王国，也深知时局虽改，人性终究不变。

　　pugnacious /pg'nes/adj.好战的;好斗的;好挑衅的

　　【例句】

　　A retired litigator misses the challenge to her pugnacious intellect.

　　一位退休的诉讼人怀念对其好斗才智的挑战。

　　egregious /'grids/adj.极坏的;异乎寻常的

　　【例句】

　　egregious abuses of copyright.

　　令人震惊的侵犯版权行为。

　　outcry /'atkra/n.高声叫喊, 尖叫;公开反对

　　【短语】

　　open outcry公开喊价

　　【例句】

　　An increase in taxes produced an outcry from the voters.

　　增加税收引起了选民们强烈抗议。

　　filter out滤除, 过滤；(消息等)泄漏

　　conglomerate /kn'glm()rt/ n. (多种经营的)联合大企业,企业集团；聚集物;砾岩

　　注：综合企业指经营多种不同性质业务的企业集团，旗下通常有多个从事不同业务、各自独立运作的子公司。

　　【例句】

　　The Earth is a specialized conglomerate of organisms.

　　地球是一个有机体的专化混合体。

　　sympathizer /smp θaz/ n. 同情者；同意者；支持者

　　【例句】

　　When the fighting is over , we will reckon with the enemy’s sympathizers.

　　战争结束之后，我们就要处理通敌的人。

　　loophole /'luphl/ n. 枪眼；换气孔；漏洞；射弹孔

　　【例句】

　　They tightened the loopholes in those acts.

　　他们堵住了那些法案中的漏洞。

　　clash/kl/ v. 交锋; 冲突；不合; 不一致n. (金属等的)刺耳的撞击声；不协调；冲突

　　【短语】

　　clash with与…冲突，不调和

　　【例句】

　　Their interests clashed with ours.

　　他们的利益与我们的相冲突。